U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. "Fuel Economy Guide." FuelEconomy.gov, 2025. fueleconomy.gov. Gas and hybrid MPG, 2025–2026 model year. Gasoline combustion at 19.6 lbs CO₂/gallon.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. "eGRID." EPA.gov, 2023. epa.gov/egrid. State grid CO₂ factors (lbs/kWh). Solar = 0 lbs CO₂/kWh.
ElectricChoice. "Electricity Rates by State." ElectricChoice.com, March 2026. electricchoice.com/electricity-prices-by-state. State avg residential electricity prices, updated monthly.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. "Fuel Economy Guide." FuelEconomy.gov, 2025. fueleconomy.gov. Gas and hybrid MPG, 2025–2026 model year. Gasoline combustion at 19.6 lbs CO₂/gallon.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. "eGRID." EPA.gov, 2023. epa.gov/egrid. State grid CO₂ factors (lbs/kWh). Solar = 0 lbs CO₂/kWh.
ElectricChoice. "Electricity Rates by State." ElectricChoice.com, March 2026. electricchoice.com/electricity-prices-by-state. State avg residential electricity prices, updated monthly.