U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. "Fuel Economy Guide." FuelEconomy.gov, 2025. fueleconomy.gov. Gas and hybrid MPG, 2025–2026 model year. Gasoline combustion at 19.6 lbs CO₂/gallon.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. "eGRID." EPA.gov, 2023. epa.gov/egrid. State grid CO₂ factors (lbs/kWh). Solar = 0 lbs CO₂/kWh.
ElectricChoice. "Electricity Rates by State." ElectricChoice.com, March 2026. electricchoice.com/electricity-prices-by-state. State avg residential electricity prices, updated monthly.
Good Car Bad Car. "Best-Selling Cars in America, 2024." GoodCarBadCar.net, 2025. goodcarbadcar.net. Annual U.S. unit sales, calendar year 2024.
A Better Route Planner. "Compare Electric Vehicles." abetterrouteplanner.com, 2026. abetterrouteplanner.com/resources/ev-comparison. EV ideal DC fast-charge times and charge-to percentages.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. "Fuel Economy Guide." FuelEconomy.gov, 2025. fueleconomy.gov. Gas and hybrid MPG, 2025–2026 model year. Gasoline combustion at 19.6 lbs CO₂/gallon.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. "eGRID." EPA.gov, 2023. epa.gov/egrid. State grid CO₂ factors (lbs/kWh). Solar = 0 lbs CO₂/kWh.
ElectricChoice. "Electricity Rates by State." ElectricChoice.com, March 2026. electricchoice.com/electricity-prices-by-state. State avg residential electricity prices, updated monthly.
Good Car Bad Car. "Best-Selling Cars in America, 2024." GoodCarBadCar.net, 2025. goodcarbadcar.net. Annual U.S. unit sales, calendar year 2024.
A Better Route Planner. "Compare Electric Vehicles." abetterrouteplanner.com, 2026. abetterrouteplanner.com/resources/ev-comparison. EV ideal DC fast-charge times and charge-to percentages.